1. Fundamental Rights in India are borrowed from:
A) UK
B) USA
C) Canada
D) Ireland
Answer: B
Explanation: Fundamental Rights are inspired by the US Bill of Rights.
2. Fundamental Rights are incorporated in:
A) Part II, Articles 5–11
B) Part III, Articles 12–35
C) Part IV, Articles 36–51
D) Part IVA, Article 51A
Answer: B
Explanation: Part III, Articles 12–35 contain Fundamental Rights.
3. Fundamental Rights are described as:
A) Absolute rights
B) Justiciable rights
C) Non-enforceable rights
D) Directive rights
Answer: B
Explanation: They are justiciable, i.e., enforceable by courts.
4. Which Fundamental Right is called the “Heart and Soul of the Constitution” by Ambedkar?
A) Right to Freedom
B) Right to Equality
C) Right to Constitutional Remedies
D) Right to Religion
Answer: C
Explanation: Ambedkar described Article 32 (Right to Constitutional Remedies) as the “Heart and Soul”.
5. How many Fundamental Rights are there currently in the Constitution?
A) 7
B) 6
C) 5
D) 8
Answer: B
Explanation: Originally 7; Right to Property was deleted by 44th Amendment (1978), leaving 6.
6. Right to Property was removed from Fundamental Rights and made:
A) Directive Principle
B) Fundamental Duty
C) Legal Right
D) Part of Preamble
Answer: C
Explanation: Article 300A (inserted by 44th Amendment) made Right to Property a constitutional/legal right.
7. Fundamental Rights apply to:
A) Citizens only
B) Citizens and foreigners (with exceptions)
C) Foreigners only
D) None
Answer: B
Explanation: Most rights are for citizens, but certain (like equality before law, protection in criminal cases) extend to foreigners.
8. Article 12 defines:
A) Citizen
B) State
C) Fundamental Rights
D) Judicial review
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 12 defines ‘State’ for Part III (includes govt, Parliament, state legislatures, local bodies).
9. Which body is NOT considered “State” under Article 12?
A) Parliament
B) Supreme Court (in non-judicial capacity)
C) Private company
D) State legislature
Answer: C
Explanation: Private entities are not “State” unless performing public functions.
10. Article 13 declares:
A) Laws inconsistent with FRs are void
B) Fundamental Duties
C) State definition
D) Equality before law
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 13 ensures supremacy of Fundamental Rights over ordinary law.
11. The term “law” in Article 13 includes:
A) Ordinances
B) Orders, Rules, Regulations
C) Bye-laws
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: Article 13 broadly defines law.
12. Which case established judicial review as part of basic structure?
A) Golaknath (1967)
B) Kesavananda Bharati (1973)
C) Minerva Mills (1980)
D) Maneka Gandhi (1978)
Answer: B
Explanation: Kesavananda Bharati case held judicial review as part of basic structure.
13. Right to Equality is enshrined in:
A) Articles 12–13
B) Articles 14–18
C) Articles 19–22
D) Articles 25–28
Answer: B
Explanation: Articles 14–18 ensure equality.
14. Article 14 guarantees:
A) Equality before law
B) Equal protection of laws
C) Both A and B
D) Equal pay for equal work
Answer: C
Explanation: Article 14 provides both equality before law and equal protection of laws.
15. Equality before law is a concept from:
A) USA
B) UK
C) Ireland
D) Canada
Answer: B
Explanation: Derived from British concept of “Rule of Law”.
16. Equal protection of laws is from:
A) USA
B) UK
C) Ireland
D) Japan
Answer: A
Explanation: Inspired by the 14th Amendment of US Constitution.
17. Abolition of untouchability is provided under:
A) Article 14
B) Article 15
C) Article 16
D) Article 17
Answer: D
Explanation: Article 17 abolishes untouchability.
18. Article 18 deals with:
A) Freedom of speech
B) Protection in respect of conviction
C) Abolition of titles
D) Equality of opportunity
Answer: C
Explanation: Article 18 abolishes titles except military or academic distinctions.
19. Right to Freedom includes Articles:
A) 14–18
B) 19–22
C) 23–24
D) 25–28
Answer: B
Explanation: Right to Freedom is Articles 19–22.
20. How many freedoms are guaranteed under Article 19(1)?
A) 6
B) 7
C) 8
D) 9
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 19 originally gave 7 rights, but “Right to Property” (19(1)(f)) was deleted → 6 remain.
21. Which Article protects against arbitrary arrest and detention?
A) Article 20
B) Article 21
C) Article 22
D) Article 23
Answer: C
Explanation: Article 22 provides protection against arrest and preventive detention.
22. Maximum period of preventive detention under normal circumstances:
A) 1 month
B) 3 months
C) 6 months
D) 12 months
Answer: B
Explanation: Preventive detention allowed for 3 months, extendable with approval of Advisory Board.
23. Which Act provides for preventive detention in India?
A) Indian Penal Code
B) Preventive Detention Act, 1950 (repealed)
C) National Security Act, 1980
D) Both B and C
Answer: D
Explanation: Preventive Detention Act, 1950 was repealed, but NSA, 1980 continues.
24. Article 20 provides protection in respect of:
A) Freedom of speech
B) Conviction for offences
C) Religious freedom
D) Property
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 20 ensures protection against ex post facto laws, double jeopardy, self-incrimination.
25. Which Article is called the “Right to Life and Personal Liberty”?
A) Article 19
B) Article 20
C) Article 21
D) Article 22
Answer: C
Explanation: Article 21 guarantees right to life and personal liberty.
26. Which case expanded Article 21 to include “right to privacy”?
A) Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978)
B) Kesavananda Bharati (1973)
C) K.S. Puttaswamy v. Union of India (2017)
D) Golaknath (1967)
Answer: C
Explanation: Puttaswamy (2017) recognised right to privacy as fundamental right.
27. Article 21A provides:
A) Right to equality
B) Right to education (6–14 years)
C) Right to religion
D) Right against exploitation
Answer: B
Explanation: 86th Amendment (2002) inserted Article 21A → free and compulsory education (6–14 years).
28. Which Articles form Right against Exploitation?
A) 19–22
B) 23–24
C) 25–28
D) 29–30
Answer: B
Explanation: Right against Exploitation → Articles 23 and 24.
29. Article 23 prohibits:
A) Child labour
B) Traffic in human beings and forced labour
C) Religious discrimination
D) Bonded labour only
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 23 prohibits human trafficking, begar, forced labour.
30. Article 24 prohibits:
A) Employment of children below 14 years in factories, mines, hazardous jobs
B) Child marriage
C) Dowry
D) Untouchability
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 24 prohibits employment of children under 14 in hazardous industries.
31. Which Articles form Right to Freedom of Religion?
A) 19–22
B) 23–24
C) 25–28
D) 29–30
Answer: C
Explanation: Articles 25–28 provide religious freedom.
32. Article 25 guarantees:
A) Freedom of conscience
B) Free profession, practice, propagation of religion
C) Both A and B
D) Only freedom to propagate
Answer: C
Explanation: Article 25 ensures freedom of conscience, profession, practice, and propagation.
33. Article 26 ensures:
A) Freedom to manage religious affairs
B) Freedom to own property
C) Freedom of trade and business
D) Freedom from taxation
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 26 gives religious denominations right to manage affairs.
34. Article 27 provides:
A) No tax for promotion of religion
B) Religious freedom to minorities
C) Right to education
D) Abolition of untouchability
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 27 prohibits compulsion to pay taxes for promoting any religion.
35. Article 28 provides:
A) Freedom of press
B) Prohibition of religious instruction in state-funded institutions
C) Free trade
D) Minority rights
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 28 prohibits religious instruction in state-funded institutions.
36. Which Articles form Cultural and Educational Rights?
A) 19–22
B) 23–24
C) 25–28
D) 29–30
Answer: D
Explanation: Articles 29 and 30 protect cultural and educational rights of minorities.
37. Article 29 protects:
A) Interests of minorities
B) Rights of citizens to conserve culture, language, script
C) Both A and B
D) Only educational rights
Answer: C
Explanation: Article 29 safeguards culture, language, script of minorities.
38. Article 30 provides minorities the right to:
A) Establish and administer educational institutions
B) Political representation
C) Reservation in legislatures
D) None
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 30 protects minority-run educational institutions.
39. Right to Constitutional Remedies is given under:
A) Article 31
B) Article 32
C) Article 33
D) Article 35
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 32 provides remedies for enforcement of FRs.
40. Which writ is NOT issued by SC/HC under Article 32/226?
A) Habeas Corpus
B) Mandamus
C) Quo Warranto
D) Directive Principles
Answer: D
Explanation: Writs are for enforcement of rights, not DPSPs.
41. Which writ literally means “to have the body”?
A) Habeas Corpus
B) Mandamus
C) Certiorari
D) Quo Warranto
Answer: A
Explanation: Habeas Corpus protects against illegal detention.
42. Which writ is issued to public officials to perform duty?
A) Mandamus
B) Certiorari
C) Quo Warranto
D) Prohibition
Answer: A
Explanation: Mandamus means “we command.”
43. Which writ restrains lower courts from exceeding jurisdiction?
A) Certiorari
B) Prohibition
C) Mandamus
D) Habeas Corpus
Answer: B
Explanation: Writ of Prohibition prevents excess of jurisdiction.
44. Which writ is issued by a higher court to quash order of lower court?
A) Prohibition
B) Certiorari
C) Mandamus
D) Quo Warranto
Answer: B
Explanation: Certiorari is corrective writ.
45. Which writ challenges legality of holding public office?
A) Habeas Corpus
B) Mandamus
C) Certiorari
D) Quo Warranto
Answer: D
Explanation: Quo Warranto means “by what authority?”
46. Which Article allows Parliament to restrict FRs of armed forces?
A) Article 31
B) Article 33
C) Article 34
D) Article 35
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 33 allows restrictions on armed forces, police, intelligence agencies.
47. Article 34 provides:
A) Martial law provision
B) Rights of minorities
C) Reservation provision
D) None
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 34 provides indemnity during martial law.
48. Article 35 empowers:
A) Parliament to make laws for FRs
B) President to suspend FRs
C) SC to review laws
D) States to legislate FRs
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 35 reserves Parliament’s exclusive power to legislate on certain FRs (like preventive detention).
49. Fundamental Rights can be suspended during emergency except:
A) Article 19
B) Article 20 and 21
C) Article 32
D) All FRs
Answer: B
Explanation: Articles 20 and 21 cannot be suspended even during emergency.
50. Fundamental Rights are available against:
A) Only State
B) Only private individuals
C) Both State and individuals (in certain cases)
D) None
Answer: C
Explanation: Primarily against State, but Articles 17, 23, 24 apply against private individuals too.