1. Which Part of the Indian Constitution deals with Citizenship?
A) Part I
B) Part II
C) Part III
D) Part IV
Answer: B
Explanation: Part II (Articles 5–11) of the Constitution deals with Citizenship at the commencement of the Constitution.
2. Which Articles of the Constitution specifically deal with citizenship?
A) Articles 1–4
B) Articles 5–11
C) Articles 12–35
D) Articles 36–51
Answer: B
Explanation: Articles 5–11 cover provisions relating to Citizenship.
3. Which Article empowers Parliament to make laws regarding acquisition and termination of citizenship?
A) Article 5
B) Article 7
C) Article 10
D) Article 11
Answer: D
Explanation: Article 11 empowers Parliament to regulate the right of citizenship by law.
4. Which Act presently governs Indian citizenship?
A) Citizenship Act, 1950
B) Citizenship Act, 1955
C) Citizenship Act, 1975
D) Citizenship Act, 2003
Answer: B
Explanation: Citizenship in India is governed by the Citizenship Act, 1955, which has been amended multiple times.
5. How many modes of acquiring Indian citizenship are provided in the Citizenship Act, 1955?
A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6
Answer: C
Explanation: Five modes → (i) Birth, (ii) Descent, (iii) Registration, (iv) Naturalisation, (v) Incorporation of territory.
6. Which of the following is NOT a mode of acquiring Indian citizenship?
A) By Birth
B) By Registration
C) By Fundamental Rights
D) By Descent
Answer: C
Explanation: Citizenship cannot be acquired through Fundamental Rights.
7. Citizenship by incorporation of territory has been granted in the case of:
A) Goa (1961)
B) Pondicherry (1962)
C) Sikkim (1975)
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: Citizenship was granted by incorporation when Goa, Pondicherry, and Sikkim joined India.
8. Persons domiciled in India at commencement of Constitution were governed by which Article?
A) Article 5
B) Article 6
C) Article 7
D) Article 8
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 5 dealt with citizenship of persons domiciled in India at the commencement of the Constitution.
9. Article 6 deals with:
A) Migrants from Pakistan to India
B) Migrants from India to Pakistan
C) Persons of Indian origin abroad
D) Refugees from Tibet
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 6 grants citizenship to certain migrants from Pakistan to India.
10. Article 7 deals with:
A) Pakistan migrants returning to India
B) Persons domiciled in India
C) Persons of Indian origin abroad
D) Incorporation of territories
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 7 denies citizenship to those who migrated to Pakistan, but allows returnees under permit for resettlement.
11. Article 8 deals with:
A) Overseas Indians residing outside India
B) Migrants from Pakistan
C) Refugees from Bangladesh
D) Tibetans in India
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 8 grants citizenship rights to persons of Indian origin residing outside India.
12. Article 9 states:
A) Dual citizenship allowed
B) Dual citizenship prohibited
C) Overseas citizenship allowed
D) Citizenship by marriage
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 9 prohibits Indian citizenship for anyone who voluntarily acquires citizenship of another country.
13. Article 10 deals with:
A) Continuity of citizenship
B) Overseas citizens
C) Persons of Indian origin
D) Refugees
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 10 says that persons who are Indian citizens at commencement will continue to be citizens until Parliament makes contrary law.
14. Article 11 empowers Parliament to:
A) Alter area of India
B) Regulate acquisition and termination of citizenship
C) Create new states
D) Impose emergency
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 11 empowers Parliament to legislate on acquisition and termination of citizenship.
15. Which of the following is true about dual citizenship in India?
A) Allowed in special cases
B) Allowed for Overseas Indians
C) Not allowed at all
D) Allowed for PIOs only
Answer: C
Explanation: Indian Constitution does not allow dual citizenship.
16. Which Amendment introduced the category of Overseas Citizenship of India (OCI)?
A) 86th Amendment
B) 93rd Amendment
C) 100th Amendment
D) None (introduced by Citizenship Amendment Act, 2003)
Answer: D
Explanation: OCI was introduced by the Citizenship Amendment Act, 2003, not by a constitutional amendment.
17. OCI scheme does NOT provide:
A) Right to vote
B) Right to own property
C) Visa-free travel
D) Parity with NRIs in economic fields
Answer: A
Explanation: OCI holders do not have political rights (voting, contesting elections, constitutional posts).
18. Persons of Indian Origin (PIO) card was merged with OCI card in:
A) 2003
B) 2005
C) 2015
D) 2019
Answer: C
Explanation: PIO and OCI schemes were merged in 2015 for simplification.
19. Which of the following can acquire Indian citizenship by naturalisation?
A) Foreigners with 5 years residence
B) Foreigners with 7 years residence
C) Foreigners with 10 years residence
D) Foreigners with 12 years residence
Answer: D
Explanation: Normally, 12 years’ residence is required for naturalisation, though Parliament may relax it.
20. Which country’s nationals are barred from applying for OCI?
A) Pakistan and Bangladesh
B) China
C) Myanmar
D) Nepal
Answer: A
Explanation: Citizens of Pakistan and Bangladesh cannot apply for OCI.
21. The Citizenship Amendment Act, 1986 made citizenship by birth restrictive. Children born after 1987 are citizens only if:
A) Either parent is an Indian citizen
B) Both parents are Indian citizens
C) One parent is Indian and other not an illegal migrant
D) Both parents are Indian or one is Indian and other not an illegal migrant
Answer: C
Explanation: After 2003 amendment, at least one parent must be Indian and the other not an illegal migrant.
22. Which Amendment introduced the term “illegal migrant” into the Citizenship Act, 1955?
A) 1986 Amendment
B) 1992 Amendment
C) 2003 Amendment
D) 2015 Amendment
Answer: C
Explanation: Citizenship Amendment Act, 2003 defined “illegal migrant.”
23. Which Act governs acquisition of foreign citizenship by Indians?
A) Citizenship Act, 1955
B) Foreigners Act, 1946
C) Passports Act, 1967
D) Emigration Act, 1983
Answer: A
Explanation: Citizenship Act, 1955 regulates termination of Indian citizenship upon acquiring foreign nationality.
24. Termination of citizenship can happen by:
A) Renunciation
B) Termination
C) Deprivation
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: Citizenship Act provides three ways to lose citizenship: renunciation, termination, deprivation.
25. Renunciation of citizenship is possible when:
A) Any Indian citizen voluntarily declares it
B) Minor children of such person also lose citizenship
C) Both A and B
D) None
Answer: C
Explanation: On renunciation, person loses citizenship and minor children also lose, but can regain on majority.
26. Citizenship is terminated automatically when:
A) Citizen voluntarily acquires citizenship of another country
B) On death of citizen
C) On conviction
D) On joining armed forces of other country
Answer: A
Explanation: If a person voluntarily acquires citizenship of another country, Indian citizenship terminates automatically.
27. Deprivation of citizenship can be ordered by:
A) Parliament
B) President
C) Central Government
D) Supreme Court
Answer: C
Explanation: Central Government can deprive a person of citizenship for fraud, disloyalty, unlawful trade, etc.
28. Indian Constitution grants citizenship on the basis of:
A) Jus soli (birthplace)
B) Jus sanguinis (blood relationship)
C) Both
D) Neither
Answer: C
Explanation: Constitution adopted both principles: jus soli (by birth) and jus sanguinis (by descent).
29. Indian Constitution provides for:
A) Single citizenship
B) Dual citizenship
C) Optional dual citizenship
D) Citizenship only for states
Answer: A
Explanation: Like UK, India provides single citizenship.
30. The USA provides:
A) Single citizenship
B) Dual citizenship (federal + state)
C) No citizenship
D) Commonwealth citizenship
Answer: B
Explanation: USA grants dual citizenship: federal and state. India does not.
31. National Register of Citizens (NRC) exercise was first conducted in:
A) 1951
B) 1961
C) 1971
D) 1985
Answer: A
Explanation: NRC was first prepared in 1951 to identify Indian citizens in Assam.
32. NRC was updated in Assam under which agreement?
A) Assam Accord (1985)
B) Shillong Agreement
C) Lucknow Pact
D) Nagaland Peace Accord
Answer: A
Explanation: NRC updating in Assam was a part of Assam Accord, 1985.
33. Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019 provides for granting citizenship to migrants from:
A) Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar
B) Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan
C) Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan
D) Sri Lanka, Tibet, Myanmar
Answer: B
Explanation: CAA 2019 provides citizenship to Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis, Christians from Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan (before 31 Dec 2014).
34. CAA 2019 excludes which communities?
A) Hindus and Sikhs
B) Parsis and Jains
C) Muslims
D) Buddhists and Christians
Answer: C
Explanation: Muslims are excluded from CAA 2019 beneficiaries.
35. Citizenship under CAA 2019 requires residence of:
A) 12 years
B) 11 years
C) 5 years
D) 7 years
Answer: C
Explanation: CAA 2019 relaxes residence requirement to 5 years for specified communities.
36. Which Article of the Constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion in granting citizenship?
A) Article 5
B) Article 14
C) Article 15
D) None
Answer: D
Explanation: Constitution has no explicit bar, but general rights like Article 14 apply. Citizenship provisions in Articles 5–11 don’t mention religion.
37. Who has final authority to decide on granting or revoking citizenship?
A) President
B) Supreme Court
C) Parliament
D) Central Government
Answer: D
Explanation: Central Government has the power under Citizenship Act, 1955.
38. Which committee recommended merging PIO and OCI?
A) L.M. Singhvi Committee
B) High Level Committee on Indian Diaspora
C) Both A and B
D) None
Answer: C
Explanation: Both recommended merger; implemented in 2015.
39. Persons of Indian origin who migrated to Sri Lanka during plantation labour are known as:
A) Tamils of Indian origin
B) Malaiyaha Tamils
C) Tea estate workers
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: These groups migrated during colonial times; citizenship issues persisted in Sri Lanka.
40. Citizenship Act, 1955 has been amended how many times till 2020?
A) 4
B) 5
C) 6
D) 7
Answer: D
Explanation: Citizenship Act, 1955 has been amended 7 times: 1986, 1992, 2003, 2005, 2015, 2019 etc.
41. Which Article provides Parliament the sole power to regulate citizenship?
A) Article 10
B) Article 11
C) Article 12
D) Article 13
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 11 empowers Parliament exclusively to make laws on citizenship.
42. Can Parliament create separate citizenship for States?
A) Yes
B) No
C) Only for J&K
D) Only for NE states
Answer: B
Explanation: Only single citizenship exists; states cannot have their own citizenship.
43. Which Article of the Constitution provided special citizenship rights to J&K residents (now abrogated)?
A) Article 35
B) Article 35A
C) Article 370
D) Article 371
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 35A (inserted 1954) defined permanent residents of J&K. Abrogated in 2019.
44. Citizenship by descent applies to children born outside India if:
A) Father is Indian
B) Mother is Indian
C) Either parent is Indian
D) Parents are foreign
Answer: C
Explanation: Citizenship by descent is granted if either parent is Indian, subject to conditions.
45. Who grants certificate of naturalisation in India?
A) President
B) Parliament
C) Central Government
D) Supreme Court
Answer: C
Explanation: Central Government grants naturalisation certificates.
46. Which country provides an example of dual citizenship that India rejects?
A) USA
B) Canada
C) Australia
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: Many countries including USA, Canada, Australia permit dual citizenship, but India does not.
47. Which Article mentions that Parliament has the power to make any provision regarding acquisition or termination of citizenship?
A) Article 10
B) Article 11
C) Article 13
D) Article 14
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 11 specifically empowers Parliament on this matter.
48. Citizenship of India is:
A) State subject
B) Union subject
C) Concurrent subject
D) Residuary subject
Answer: B
Explanation: Citizenship is exclusively a Union subject.
49. At the commencement of Constitution (1950), persons domiciled in India automatically became citizens if they were:
A) Born in India
B) Born to Indian parents
C) Ordinarily resident in India for 5 years
D) Any of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: Articles 5–8 covered all these cases.
50. Which Article continues citizenship rights until Parliament legislates otherwise?
A) Article 5
B) Article 9
C) Article 10
D) Article 11
Answer: C
Explanation: Article 10 ensures continuity of citizenship until Parliament decides otherwise.