1. Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs) are borrowed from:
A) USA
B) UK
C) Ireland
D) Canada
Answer: C
Explanation: DPSPs are borrowed from the Irish Constitution, which had borrowed them from Spanish Constitution.
2. DPSPs are enshrined in:
A) Part III, Articles 12–35
B) Part IV, Articles 36–51
C) Part IVA, Article 51A
D) Part V, Articles 52–151
Answer: B
Explanation: Part IV (Articles 36–51) contains DPSPs.
3. DPSPs are:
A) Justiciable rights
B) Non-justiciable principles
C) Fundamental Duties
D) Constitutional Amendments
Answer: B
Explanation: DPSPs are non-justiciable but fundamental in governance.
4. Which Article states that DPSPs are fundamental in governance?
A) Article 36
B) Article 37
C) Article 38
D) Article 39
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 37 declares DPSPs as fundamental in governance but non-justiciable.
5. DPSPs aim to establish:
A) Political democracy
B) Social and economic democracy
C) Religious democracy
D) Judicial supremacy
Answer: B
Explanation: DPSPs seek to establish a welfare state with social and economic democracy.
6. Article 36 defines:
A) State (same as in Article 12)
B) Social order
C) Directive Principles
D) Equality
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 36 adopts the definition of ‘State’ from Article 12.
7. Which Article directs the state to secure a social order based on justice?
A) Article 37
B) Article 38
C) Article 39
D) Article 40
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 38 directs the state to promote social, economic, and political justice.
8. Article 39 directs the state to ensure:
A) Equal pay for equal work
B) Right to adequate livelihood
C) Distribution of resources for common good
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: Article 39 covers principles like adequate livelihood, equal pay, resource distribution, and prevention of concentration of wealth.
9. Equal pay for equal work is in:
A) Article 14
B) Article 16
C) Article 39(d)
D) Article 41
Answer: C
Explanation: Article 39(d) directs state to ensure equal pay for equal work.
10. Article 40 directs the state to organise:
A) Panchayats
B) Cooperatives
C) Trade unions
D) Scheduled Areas
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 40 provides for organisation of village panchayats.
11. Article 41 provides for:
A) Free legal aid
B) Right to work, education, and public assistance
C) Right to property
D) Right to privacy
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 41 directs the state to provide work, education, and assistance in certain cases.
12. Article 42 provides for:
A) Humane conditions of work and maternity relief
B) Protection of environment
C) Equal justice
D) Compulsory education
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 42 deals with humane work conditions and maternity relief.
13. Article 43 directs the state to:
A) Promote cottage industries
B) Secure living wage and decent conditions
C) Protect environment
D) Provide free legal aid
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 43 provides for living wage, decent conditions of work, and promotion of cottage industries.
14. Article 43A (inserted by 42nd Amendment) provides for:
A) Workers’ participation in management of industries
B) Right to environment
C) Cooperative societies
D) Free legal aid
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 43A ensures workers’ participation in industrial management.
15. Article 43B (97th Amendment, 2011) provides for:
A) Promotion of cottage industries
B) Promotion of cooperative societies
C) Women’s empowerment
D) Protection of children
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 43B promotes cooperative societies.
16. Article 44 provides for:
A) Uniform Civil Code (UCC)
B) Uniform Criminal Code
C) Free education
D) Reservation
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 44 seeks Uniform Civil Code for all citizens.
17. Article 45 originally provided:
A) Free legal aid
B) Free and compulsory education for children up to 14 years
C) Nutrition for children
D) Protection of environment
Answer: B
Explanation: Originally, Article 45 directed state to provide free and compulsory education up to 14 years.
18. After the 86th Amendment (2002), Article 45 directs the state to:
A) Provide education till 14 years
B) Provide early childhood care and education to children below 6 years
C) Provide vocational training
D) Provide compulsory higher education
Answer: B
Explanation: Post-86th Amendment, Article 45 focuses on children below 6 years.
19. Article 46 directs state to promote:
A) Interests of SCs, STs, and weaker sections
B) Uniform Civil Code
C) Cooperative societies
D) International peace
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 46 directs promotion of educational and economic interests of weaker sections.
20. Article 47 imposes duty on the state to:
A) Raise level of nutrition and public health
B) Prohibit intoxicating drinks and drugs
C) Both A and B
D) Provide compulsory vaccination
Answer: C
Explanation: Article 47 deals with nutrition, public health, and prohibition of intoxicating drinks.
21. Article 48 directs the state to:
A) Protect environment
B) Organise agriculture and animal husbandry on modern lines
C) Prohibit cow slaughter
D) Promote cooperatives
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 48 deals with agriculture, animal husbandry, and prohibition of cow slaughter.
22. Article 48A (42nd Amendment, 1976) provides for:
A) Environmental protection and improvement
B) Free legal aid
C) Living wage
D) Cooperative societies
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 48A focuses on protecting and improving environment.
23. Article 49 obligates state to:
A) Protect monuments of national importance
B) Provide compulsory education
C) Promote SC/ST welfare
D) Maintain judicial independence
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 49 ensures protection of monuments and places of artistic/historic interest.
24. Article 50 directs the state to:
A) Separate judiciary from executive
B) Protect monuments
C) Promote cottage industries
D) Abolish untouchability
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 50 provides for separation of judiciary from executive.
25. Article 51 directs the state to promote:
A) International peace and security
B) Respect for international law
C) Settlement of disputes peacefully
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: Article 51 promotes international peace, law, arbitration.
26. DPSPs are classified into:
A) Socialistic, Gandhian, Liberal-intellectual
B) Political, Economic, Social
C) Fundamental, Non-fundamental
D) Enforceable, Non-enforceable
Answer: A
Explanation: Laxmikanth classifies them into Socialistic, Gandhian, and Liberal-intellectual.
27. Which Article deals with Gandhian principle of panchayats?
A) 39
B) 40
C) 43
D) 46
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 40 is a Gandhian directive.
28. Which Article is liberal-intellectual, promoting international peace?
A) Article 43A
B) Article 46
C) Article 50
D) Article 51
Answer: D
Explanation: Article 51 is liberal-intellectual in nature.
29. DPSPs are non-justiciable because:
A) They are vague
B) State may not have resources
C) They depend on political will
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: They are non-justiciable due to practical constraints.
30. Fundamental Rights promote:
A) Political democracy
B) Social democracy
C) Economic democracy
D) All of the above
Answer: A
Explanation: Fundamental Rights ensure political democracy.
31. DPSPs promote:
A) Political democracy
B) Social and economic democracy
C) Both
D) Neither
Answer: B
Explanation: DPSPs are aimed at achieving socio-economic justice.
32. Which Amendment gave precedence to DPSPs over Fundamental Rights in certain cases?
A) 24th Amendment
B) 25th Amendment (1971)
C) 42nd Amendment
D) 44th Amendment
Answer: B
Explanation: 25th Amendment gave primacy to Article 39(b) & (c) over Article 19.
33. Which case upheld primacy of DPSPs (39(b), 39(c)) over Fundamental Rights?
A) Golaknath (1967)
B) Kesavananda Bharati (1973)
C) Minerva Mills (1980)
D) Champakam Dorairajan (1951)
Answer: D
Explanation: In Champakam Dorairajan, SC struck down state law for violating FRs, leading to First Amendment.
34. Which case declared harmony between FRs and DPSPs as basic structure?
A) Kesavananda Bharati (1973)
B) Golaknath (1967)
C) Minerva Mills (1980)
D) I.R. Coelho (2007)
Answer: C
Explanation: Minerva Mills held balance between FRs and DPSPs as part of basic structure.
35. Which DPSP was implemented by 73rd Amendment (1992)?
A) Article 39
B) Article 40 (Panchayati Raj)
C) Article 43
D) Article 44
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 40 was implemented via 73rd Amendment (Panchayati Raj).
36. Which DPSP was implemented via MGNREGA (2005)?
A) Article 41
B) Article 42
C) Article 43
D) Article 46
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 41 (right to work) was implemented through MGNREGA.
37. Equal pay for equal work was recognised as Fundamental Right in which case?
A) Champakam Dorairajan (1951)
B) Randhir Singh v. Union of India (1982)
C) Maneka Gandhi (1978)
D) Kesavananda Bharati (1973)
Answer: B
Explanation: SC held equal pay for equal work is part of Article 14 & 16.
38. Free legal aid is implicit in:
A) Article 21
B) Article 22
C) Article 39A
D) Both A and C
Answer: D
Explanation: Free legal aid is a DPSP under Article 39A and implicit in Article 21.
39. Uniform Civil Code is contained in:
A) Article 39
B) Article 44
C) Article 46
D) Article 47
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 44 seeks Uniform Civil Code.
40. Which Directive was implemented by 86th Amendment (2002)?
A) Article 41
B) Article 45
C) Article 46
D) Article 47
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 45 on free education was shifted to 21A and modified for early childhood care.
41. Which Article provides for environment protection?
A) Article 47
B) Article 48
C) Article 48A
D) Article 51
Answer: C
Explanation: Article 48A provides for environment protection.
42. Which case declared free and compulsory education as fundamental right?
A) Kesavananda Bharati (1973)
B) Unnikrishnan v. State of Andhra Pradesh (1993)
C) Champakam Dorairajan (1951)
D) Maneka Gandhi (1978)
Answer: B
Explanation: SC declared free education up to 14 years as FR in Unnikrishnan case.
43. DPSPs are more closely related to which country’s concept?
A) USA (Bill of Rights)
B) Ireland (Directive Principles)
C) UK (Rule of Law)
D) Canada (Federalism)
Answer: B
Explanation: Directly inspired by Irish Constitution.
44. Which DPSP aims at prohibition of intoxicating drinks?
A) Article 46
B) Article 47
C) Article 48
D) Article 49
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 47 directs prohibition of intoxicating drinks.
45. Which DPSP directs for separation of judiciary from executive?
A) Article 50
B) Article 51
C) Article 39A
D) Article 46
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 50 deals with separation of powers.
46. Which Article mentions protection of monuments?
A) Article 47
B) Article 48
C) Article 49
D) Article 51
Answer: C
Explanation: Article 49 obligates protection of monuments.
47. Gandhian DPSPs include:
A) Article 40, 43, 46, 47, 48
B) Article 38, 39, 42
C) Article 48A, 49, 50
D) Article 51
Answer: A
Explanation: Gandhian DPSPs relate to village panchayats, cottage industries, SC/ST promotion, prohibition, cow protection.
48. Liberal-intellectual DPSPs include:
A) Article 38, 39, 41
B) Article 40, 42, 43
C) Article 48A, 49, 50, 51
D) Article 46, 47, 48
Answer: C
Explanation: Liberal-intellectual group includes environment, monuments, judiciary-executive separation, international peace.
49. Which Article is the “Magna Carta of Indian Education”?
A) Article 21A
B) Article 41
C) Article 45
D) Article 46
Answer: C
Explanation: Article 45 is considered Magna Carta of Indian education.
50. Which case emphasised that DPSPs cannot override Fundamental Rights but should be harmonised?
A) Champakam Dorairajan (1951)
B) Kesavananda Bharati (1973)
C) Minerva Mills (1980)
D) I.R. Coelho (2007)
Answer: C
Explanation: Minerva Mills stressed harmonious balance between FRs and DPSPs.