1. The parliamentary system of government in India is borrowed from:
A) USA
B) UK
C) Canada
D) Ireland
Answer: B
Explanation: India borrowed the parliamentary form of government from the British system.
2. In a parliamentary system, the real executive authority is vested in:
A) President
B) Prime Minister and Council of Ministers
C) Judiciary
D) Parliament
Answer: B
Explanation: President is nominal executive; real powers rest with PM and Council of Ministers.
3. The nominal executive in India is:
A) Prime Minister
B) President
C) Speaker
D) Chief Justice
Answer: B
Explanation: The President acts as nominal executive head, bound by aid and advice of CoM.
4. The real executive in India is:
A) President
B) Prime Minister
C) Supreme Court
D) Parliament
Answer: B
Explanation: Prime Minister leads the Council of Ministers who hold real power.
5. The collective responsibility of the Council of Ministers to the Lok Sabha is mentioned in:
A) Article 74
B) Article 75(3)
C) Article 76
D) Article 79
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 75(3) – CoM is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha.
6. Which of the following is NOT a feature of parliamentary government?
A) Collective responsibility
B) Dual executive
C) Fixed tenure of government
D) Leadership of Prime Minister
Answer: C
Explanation: Tenure is not fixed; it depends on confidence of Lok Sabha.
7. In the parliamentary system, the head of state is:
A) Directly elected
B) Indirectly elected
C) Hereditary in some countries
D) Both B and C
Answer: D
Explanation: In India, President is indirectly elected; in UK, it’s hereditary monarchy.
8. The head of government in India is:
A) President
B) Prime Minister
C) Lok Sabha Speaker
D) Chief Justice
Answer: B
Explanation: PM is head of government; President is head of state.
9. Which Article states that President shall act on aid and advice of CoM?
A) Article 74(1)
B) Article 75(3)
C) Article 77
D) Article 79
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 74(1) mandates that President shall act on advice of CoM.
10. Which Amendment made President bound by advice of CoM?
A) 24th Amendment
B) 42nd Amendment
C) 44th Amendment
D) Both B and C
Answer: D
Explanation: 42nd made it binding; 44th allowed President to return advice once for reconsideration.
11. Individual responsibility of ministers is ensured by:
A) Collective responsibility
B) Appointment by President
C) Holding office during President’s pleasure
D) Vote of confidence
Answer: C
Explanation: Ministers hold office during pleasure of President (Article 75).
12. Which feature ensures accountability of executive to legislature?
A) Collective responsibility
B) Judicial review
C) Bicameralism
D) Fundamental Rights
Answer: A
Explanation: Collective responsibility makes executive accountable to Lok Sabha.
13. In the UK, the head of state is:
A) Monarch
B) Prime Minister
C) Speaker
D) Supreme Court
Answer: A
Explanation: Monarch is head of state; PM is head of government.
14. In India, Parliament can remove the government through:
A) Judicial review
B) Vote of no-confidence
C) Impeachment
D) Dissolution of House
Answer: B
Explanation: Lok Sabha can remove government by passing a no-confidence motion.
15. In parliamentary government, executive is:
A) Independent of legislature
B) Dependent on legislature
C) Superior to legislature
D) Subordinate to judiciary
Answer: B
Explanation: Executive depends on majority support in legislature.
16. Which Article provides for Attorney General of India?
A) Article 74
B) Article 76
C) Article 78
D) Article 80
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 76 deals with Attorney General of India.
17. The term “responsible government” in parliamentary system means:
A) Government accountable to judiciary
B) Government accountable to Parliament
C) Government accountable to people directly
D) Government accountable to bureaucracy
Answer: B
Explanation: It is responsible to the directly elected House of Parliament.
18. The Lok Sabha can control the executive by:
A) Question Hour
B) Adjournment Motion
C) No-confidence Motion
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Explanation: Various parliamentary devices ensure accountability of government.
19. Which country is known as “Mother of Parliamentary Democracy”?
A) USA
B) UK
C) France
D) India
Answer: B
Explanation: UK pioneered parliamentary democracy.
20. Which Article deals with duties of PM regarding furnishing information to President?
A) Article 75
B) Article 77
C) Article 78
D) Article 80
Answer: C
Explanation: Article 78 obligates PM to communicate cabinet decisions to President.
21. Which of the following is a demerit of parliamentary system?
A) Fusion of powers
B) Stable government
C) Prevents despotism
D) Continuous accountability
Answer: A
Explanation: Fusion of powers may result in executive dominance.
22. Who coined the phrase “Cabinet is a wheel within a wheel”?
A) Laski
B) Lowell
C) Bagehot
D) Garner
Answer: B
Explanation: Lowell described Cabinet as a wheel within a wheel.
23. “The Cabinet is the steering wheel of the ship of the state.” This was said by:
A) Laski
B) Bagehot
C) Lowell
D) Morley
Answer: D
Explanation: Morley described Cabinet as steering wheel.
24. In parliamentary system, ministers are usually:
A) Elected members of legislature
B) Nominated by judiciary
C) Retired bureaucrats
D) Directly elected by people
Answer: A
Explanation: Ministers must be members of Parliament (within 6 months if not already).
25. Bicameralism is an essential feature of parliamentary democracy. In India, Lok Sabha represents:
A) States
B) People of India
C) Union Territories
D) Judiciary
Answer: B
Explanation: Lok Sabha represents people; Rajya Sabha represents states.
26. In UK, the upper house is:
A) House of Lords
B) House of Commons
C) Senate
D) Council of States
Answer: A
Explanation: House of Lords is UK’s upper house.
27. Who elects the Prime Minister of India?
A) People directly
B) Lok Sabha
C) President
D) Political party
Answer: C
Explanation: President appoints PM, usually leader of majority in Lok Sabha.
28. Parliamentary form of government ensures:
A) Concentration of power
B) Responsible government
C) Presidential supremacy
D) Judicial dominance
Answer: B
Explanation: The hallmark is responsibility of executive to legislature.
29. Which of the following is NOT a feature of Indian parliamentary system?
A) Dual executive
B) Collective responsibility
C) Individual responsibility
D) Fixed tenure of executive
Answer: D
Explanation: Executive tenure depends on majority support, not fixed.
30. Which committee recommended parliamentary government for India?
A) Nehru Report (1928)
B) Motilal Nehru Committee
C) Cabinet Mission Plan
D) Both A and C
Answer: D
Explanation: Both Nehru Report and Cabinet Mission Plan suggested parliamentary system.
31. “India is a Union of States” indicates:
A) Presidential system
B) Parliamentary system
C) Federal system
D) Quasi-federal system
Answer: D
Explanation: India has a quasi-federal system with parliamentary democracy.
32. In India, if a Prime Minister loses majority in Lok Sabha, he must:
A) Resign
B) Dissolve Lok Sabha
C) Continue until President decides
D) Face impeachment
Answer: A
Explanation: He must resign if he loses majority.
33. Which Article deals with Council of Ministers aiding President?
A) Article 74
B) Article 75
C) Article 77
D) Article 78
Answer: A
Explanation: Article 74 establishes CoM to aid and advise President.
34. Which Article specifies appointment of PM and other ministers?
A) Article 74
B) Article 75
C) Article 76
D) Article 77
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 75 deals with appointment of PM and ministers.
35. Which Article specifies the responsibility of ministers to Parliament?
A) Article 74
B) Article 75(3)
C) Article 76
D) Article 77
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 75(3) makes CoM collectively responsible to Lok Sabha.
36. The principle of collective responsibility was borrowed from:
A) USA
B) UK
C) Canada
D) France
Answer: B
Explanation: Collective responsibility is a British parliamentary tradition.
37. Which is a merit of parliamentary system?
A) Stable government
B) Effective checks and balances
C) Swift decision-making
D) Continuous accountability
Answer: D
Explanation: The biggest merit is continuous accountability of executive to legislature.
38. Which is a demerit of parliamentary system?
A) Encourages despotism
B) Cabinet dictatorship
C) Lack of flexibility
D) Presidential supremacy
Answer: B
Explanation: Fusion of powers sometimes leads to Cabinet dictatorship.
39. In parliamentary system, ministers must be:
A) Elected only from Lok Sabha
B) Elected from either House of Parliament
C) Elected from state assemblies
D) Only nominated members
Answer: B
Explanation: Ministers can be from either Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha.
40. Who presides over joint session of Parliament?
A) President
B) Speaker of Lok Sabha
C) Vice President
D) Prime Minister
Answer: B
Explanation: Speaker presides over joint sitting of Parliament.
41. Which of the following ensures stability in presidential system but not in parliamentary system?
A) Fixed tenure
B) Collective responsibility
C) Judicial review
D) Separation of powers
Answer: A
Explanation: Fixed tenure makes presidential system more stable.
42. “India has a Parliamentary form of government both at the Centre and in States.” This is stated in:
A) Article 73
B) Article 74
C) Article 75
D) Article 164
Answer: D
Explanation: Article 164 provides for CoM in states, mirroring Article 75.
43. Who appoints the Council of Ministers in India?
A) Prime Minister
B) President
C) Speaker of Lok Sabha
D) Chief Justice
Answer: B
Explanation: President appoints CoM on advice of Prime Minister.
44. Which Article deals with conduct of business of Government of India?
A) Article 74
B) Article 75
C) Article 77
D) Article 78
Answer: C
Explanation: Article 77 relates to conduct of business of Union Government.
45. Which is the “cornerstone of parliamentary democracy”?
A) Bicameralism
B) Collective responsibility
C) Judicial review
D) Fundamental Rights
Answer: B
Explanation: Collective responsibility is the cornerstone of parliamentary democracy.
46. Which Article provides that minister must be MP within 6 months?
A) Article 74
B) Article 75(5)
C) Article 76
D) Article 77
Answer: B
Explanation: Article 75(5) allows a non-MP minister to continue for 6 months.
47. The dissolution of Lok Sabha means:
A) End of Lok Sabha tenure
B) End of Rajya Sabha tenure
C) End of government
D) None
Answer: A
Explanation: Dissolution ends existence of Lok Sabha; Rajya Sabha is permanent.
48. Who described parliamentary system as “government by criticism”?
A) Bagehot
B) Lowell
C) Laski
D) Dicey
Answer: C
Explanation: Laski called it “government by criticism”.
49. Who called parliamentary system a “cabinet government”?
A) Jennings
B) Bagehot
C) Lowell
D) Dicey
Answer: B
Explanation: Bagehot popularised the term “cabinet government”.
50. Parliamentary system is also called:
A) Responsible government
B) Presidential government
C) Judicial government
D) Monarchical government
Answer: A
Explanation: Because the executive is responsible to legislature, it’s called responsible g